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CA128R7.4宏舜
7-4
1-6 missing? 缺交 9580006 嚴英仁?
7. Cerebral cortex
The outer layer of the cerebral hemispheres; it is largely composed of gray matter(cortex means bark)
翻譯：大腦外部的一層，覆蓋在灰質上相當大的面積。
參考資料：http://life.nthu.edu.tw/~g864264/Neuroscience/neuron/funbrain.htm
8. Cingulate cortex
The large area of limbic cortex on the medial surface of each cerebral hemisphere, just dorsal to the corpus callosum.
翻譯：大範圍面積位於邊緣皮質上的表面，在每一個腦室，和背側的胼胝小體。
參考資料：http://www.sciscape.org/news_detail.php?news_id=1288
9. Fissures
The large, deep grooves in the cerebral hemispheres.
翻譯：大腦縫隙是大範圍且深的。
相關資料：
腦半球的中心是有髓神經纖維，即白質；皮質有很多溝回，即灰質。人類的大腦皮質十分發達，這使人腦不同於其他哺乳動物的大腦。雖然某些白質結構也具有獨立的重要功能，但白質中的神經纖維主要用以聯結大腦皮質各功能區。由前到後有一條深裂溝將大腦分為兩個半球，每個半球調控其對側軀體的活動。其中一個半球在功能上占優勢，它集中了一些特化的神經中樞，如言語、思維的中樞，決定右利還是左利等決定空間趨向的中樞。另一側半球則支配更微妙、複雜的知覺，如識別不同的面孔。
10. Formix
The major tract of the limbic system; it projects form the dorsal hippocampus of each hemisphere, circles the thalamus, and terminates in the septum and mammillary bodies.
翻譯：主要的通道位於邊緣系統，他形成於背側海馬迴在腦室間，環繞視丘和止於中隔和乳頭體。
相關資料：腦部區域中, 有個叫做穹嶐 (fornix), 是連結海馬體和乳頭體的, 此處受到傷害, 就會影響記憶。
11. Frontal lobes
The two regions of the cerebral hemispheres, one in each hemisphere, that are anterior to the central fissures.
翻譯：兩個區域於腦室，一個在每一個腦室，一個在前腦至中央溝。
相關資料：http://www.dls.ym.edu.tw/neuroscience/lobe_c.htm
12. Globus pallidus
A nucleus of the basal ganglia; it is located in each hemisphere between the thalamus and the putamen (globus pallidus means pale globe).
翻譯：端腦深部的灰質塊稱基底節，主要有尾狀核和豆狀核，或將丘腦下核和中 腦黑質包括在內；細胞位於基底神經節，位於每一個大腦半球在視丘和腦殼間。
相關資料：豆狀核又分成蒼白球和腦殼。
13. During the 4th week of prenatal development, swellings first become visible on the anterior end of the neural tube. At first, there are 3 of them.
在胎兒發展期間的第4 個星期，脹大部份首先可在神經管的先前末端可看見。起初，可分為三部份。
相關網站： http://203.71.239.23/naerResource/study/39/4-1-1.htm
14. The neural tube develops into the CNS; the neural crest develops into the PNS.
神經管發展為中樞神經系統；神經脊發展為周邊神經系統
相關網站：http://www.dls.ym.edu.tw/neuroscience/dev_c.htm
15. Of the brain’s five divisions, the most anterior is the telencephalon，and the most posterior is the myelencephlon.
腦的五個部份。最前端為中腦，最末端為腦髓。
相關網站：http://pearl.tvb.com/lifeofmammals/explore/intelligence04.html
http://www.dls.ym.edu.tw/neuroscience/phylo_c.html
16. Prior to the development of the neural plate, the cells that will ultimately compose it are totipotential.
在神經板發展之前，最後將它組成是全能性細胞。.
相關網站http://www.palaeos.com/Vertebrates/Lists/Glossary/Images/NeuralPlate.gif
17. Proliferation occurs in the part of the neural tube adjacent to its fluid-filled interior.
增殖發生於神經管在它充滿液體內部附近的一部份
18. The mesencephalon lies between the diencephalon and the metencephalon.
中腦位於間腦和後腦之間
相關網站：http://brc.se.fju.edu.tw/nobelist/194x/p1949.htm
http://www.dls.ym.edu.tw/neuroscience/gif/mesout.gif
19Middle frontal gyrus 中央前回
The frontal lobe gyrus that is located between the superior and inferior frontal gyri.
為額葉的腦回，位於額上回與額下回之間。
補充：圖片
20Middle temporal gyrus 顳中回
The temporal lobe gyrus that is located between the superior and inferior temporal gyri.
為顳葉的腦回，位於顳上回與顳下回之間。
補充：維基百科─聶中回
21Neocortex 新皮質
Six-layered cerebral cortex of relatively recent evolutionary origin; most human cerebral cortex is neocortex.
為6層的大腦皮質層，相對於其他皮層其發展時間較晚，人類主要的大腦皮層為新皮質。
補充：新皮質(neocortex)，古皮質（paleocortex）以及舊皮質（archicortex）之間有何不同？
22Occipital lobes 枕葉
The two regions of the cerebral hemispheres that are located at the posterior pole of each hemisphere.
大腦半球的兩個區域，每半球各一，位於大腦半球後極。
補充資料：圖片
23Parietal lobes 頂葉
The two regions of the cerebral hemispheres, one in each hemisphere, that are posterior to the central fissures and superior to the lateral fissures.
大腦半球的兩個區域，每半球各一，位於中央溝之後與橫向溝之上。
補充資料：圖片
24Postcentral gyrus 中央後回
The parietal lobe gyrus that is located just posterior to the central fissure.
為頂葉的腦回，位於腦後部至中央溝之間。
補充資料：維基百科─中央後回
25.Precentral gyrus：The frontal lobe gyrus that is located just anterior to the central fissure.
中樣前迴：是被找出先前的對中央裂痕的額葉迴轉
26.Primary auditory cortex：The areas of cortex, one in each hemisphere, that receive most of their input front the auditory relay nuclei of the thalamus; they are located in the superior temporallobe, largely in the lateral fissures.
主要聽覺皮層：外皮區域，兩半球都有，主要負責處理輸入的各項聽覺訊號，位置偏向胼胝體。
27.Primary gustatory cortex：The areas of cortex, one in each hemisphere, that receive taste input from the gustatory relay nuclei of the thalamus; they are located on the inferior border of the parietal lobes, largely in lateral fissures.
主要味覺皮層：位於腦皮質區，兩半球都有，從丘腦的味覺中轉接受味覺輸入，位於頂葉的下邊界，位於側項
28.Primary motor areas：Area of motor cortex that send most of their output to subcortical and spinal motor circus from adjacent sesecondary motor areas.
主要運動區：位於腦皮層，主要負責輸出從策劃運動動機來的運動方面的訊號
29.Primary motor cortex：The area of cortex, one in each hemisphere, that send most of their motor fibers to the motor circuits of the brain stem and spinal cord; they are located in the precentral gyri of the frontal lobes.
主要運動皮質：區域外皮，將運動訊號傳質脊髓，位於額葉的中樣前回。
30.Primary olfactory cortex：The areas of cortex, one of each hehemisphere, that receive most of their input from the olfactory relay nuclei of thalamus; they are located on the inferior surface of the frontal lobes.
主要嗅覺外皮：各半球皆有，從丘腦嗅覺區接受他們大部分的輸入訊號，位於額葉下表面。
31Primary sensory areas主要知覺區域
Areas of cerebral cortex that receive most of their input from the thalamic relay nuclei of a single sensory system; most of their output goes to adjacent secondary sensory areas of the same system.
接受大多數他們的輸入從一個唯一知覺系統的thalamic 中轉中堅力量大腦外層的區域; 大多數他們的產品去同樣系統的毗鄰次要知覺區域。
32Primary somatosensory cortex主要體覺皮質區
The areas of cortex, one in each hemisphere, that receive most of their input from the somatosensory relay nuclei of the thalamus ( e.g ., ventral posterior nuclei ); they are located in the postcentral gyri of the parietal lobes.
外皮區域, 一個在各個半球, 接受大多數他們的輸入從丘腦(即, 腹後部中堅力量的)自體感覺中轉中堅力量; 他們位於頭頂骨耳垂的中央腦迴 。
33Primary visual cortex主要視覺皮質區
The areas of cortex, one in each hemisphere that receive most of their input from the visual relay nuclei of the thalamus (i.e., lateral geniculate nuclei); they are located in the occipital lobes, largely in the longitudinal fissure.
接受大多數他們的輸入從丘腦外皮的區域, 一個在各個半球(即, 側向膝狀的中堅力量的) 視覺中轉中堅力量; 他們位於枕葉耳垂, 主要在縱向裂痕。
34Putamen 殼核
A nucleus of the basal ganglia; it is located in each hemisphere just lateral to the globus pallidus, and it is connected to the anterior end of the caudate by a series of fiber bridges; the putamen and caudate together are the striatum.
基礎神經節的中堅力量; 它位於各個半球側向對基底核蒼白球, 並且它被解救到尾核的先前末端由一系列的纖維橋梁; 殼核並且尾核 一起是大腦紋狀體 。
35Pyramidal cells錐狀細胞
Cortical neurons with a pyramid-shaped cell body, an apical dendrite, and a long axon.
表皮神經元以一個金字塔形狀的細胞身體、頂端枝狀突起, 和一長的軸突。
36Secondary motor areas 次運動皮質區
Areas of motor cortex that send much of their output to areas of primary motor cortex; much of their input comes from association cortex.
寄發他們的產品到主要馬達外皮區域馬達外皮的區域; 他們的輸入來自協會外皮。
