NC2326鳳徵
Questions also included?
NC007F1-01
Contralateral brain organization. A. The descending motor fibers decussate before synapsing on the spinal motor neurons. B. The ascending sensory fibers also cross the midline before projecting to the contralateral somatosensory cortex.
對側大腦的組織。A.在脊柱的運動細胞之前下行動作纖維交叉成X形。B. 在投射於對側體覺腦皮質之前下行感覺纖維也在中線交叉。

NC026TT27
sagittal 矢狀切面
Vertical section dividing the brain into left and right halves.
劃分腦的垂直剖面成左右一半。
NC054F2-28
Sagittal view of the cerebellum showing the structures of the cerebellar vermis.
小腦的矢狀切面顯示出小腦蚓部的構造。

NC081TT08
corpora quadrigemina四疊體
Tectal structure. Four egg-shaped structures (inferior and superior colliculi ) in the dorsal midbrain that serve as reflex centers for vision and audition.
頂蓋的結構。四個蛋形結構在背側的中腦供視覺和聽覺反射中心使用。
NC099B3-01
Parkinson Disease
帕金森的疾病

NC113TT34
thalamus丘腦
Major diencephalic structure located on either side of the third ventricle and medial to the internal capsules. Plays an important role in sensorimotor integration and projection to the cortex.
丘腦為同屬於間腦和前腦的一個卵圓形結構,丘腦的底部給皮質提供不具特定性質的投射,主要功能在於調節皮質的活動。
NC130TT21
meiosis減數分裂
Cell division process that occurs during the formation of sex cells in which the number of chromosomes is halved.
細胞分裂主要在於進行有性生殖的時候,減數分裂是將二倍體細胞轉變為單倍體配子的過程。
NC130TT71
yolk sac(primary) 卵黃囊
Transient membranous structure of the embryo that disappears completely.
在胚胎發育時期, 生殖細胞由卵黃囊(yolk Sax)經由腸繫膜, 最後降至骨盆腔或陰囊而形 睪丸或卵巢。
NC151TT21
hypertrophy過度生長、肥大
Increase in the size of cells or organs.
增加在細胞或器官的大小
NC164L04
Describe the neural pathways for the epicritic systems of the face and body
描述體表及人體精微感覺系統的神經路徑
P166、Fig.7-4、Table7-3
NC185L01
Outline the anatomy of the eyeball and describe the function of these structures
概述眼球內部解剖構造以及描述這些結構的功能
P185~188、Fig.8-2A、Fig.8-2B
NC207TT16
miosis瞳孔縮小
Condition of a permanently constricted pupillary aperture.
一種永久地收縮的瞳孔開口的情況。
NC226TT03
association cortex聯結皮質區
Functionally uncommitted regions of the cerebral cortex at birth that later assume integration of multimodality information and include the parietal-temporal-occipital association cortex, prefrontal association cortex, and limbic association cortex.
在出生時大腦皮質功能上未遂區域後來呈現multimodality information和枕葉顳葉壁的聯結皮質、前額葉聯結皮質和邊緣聯結皮質的整合。
對於腦的研究,終究離不開對意識與心靈(mind)的探討。神經科學研究秉持的大原則是:「心靈與意識的活動不能脫離腦而存在」,所有正常與異常的心智活動必定有它的生物基礎,這是與許多的哲學、宗教與玄學所不同的地方。雖然現階段對於意識的生物基礎瞭解仍屬有限,但從感覺、運動、到學習、記憶、及認知等各方面的諸多研究顯示,腦部所執行的各項功能並非僅局限於某些個腦部區域的參與,而是有許多的腦區做臨時的組合,共同完成。同時,腦部功能愈發達的動物,不但具有表面積更大的皮質(形成皺摺狀),同時多出許多功能不甚明確的所謂「聯合皮質」(association cortex)。這些聯合皮質與腦中各處都有聯繫,很可能就包含了掌握各種腦部組合的樞紐。這種將不同的腦區作暫時性任務編組的觀念,可以解釋我們的意識經驗(不論是記憶、思考、情緒等)可以是無窮的,不斷隨著時間、情境做轉換、新生。
NC238L08
Describe the physiology of basic spinal reflexes
描述基本脊髓的反射作用的生理功能
P248~251、Fig.11-11、Fig.11-12
NC260L01
Describe the importance of the cerebellum in motor activity
小腦對運動神經的活動重要性
P260~261、Fig.12-4
NC281T13-01
Movement Disorders and Diseases
運動異常及疾病

NC299TT05
cremasteric reflex提睪肌反射
Retraction of the testicle on stroking the skin of the inner thigh. Absence of this reflex indicates a pyramidal tract lesion (upper motor neuron).
睪丸的收縮在於撫摸大腿內側的皮膚。缺乏此反射象徵一種椎狀體路徑機能障礙。
NC318T15-09
Neuronal Events of the Pupillary Light Reflex
瞳孔對光反射在神經中樞的情形

NC351P07

NC365F16-09
The major hypothalamic primarily efferent pathways.
下丘腦的主要傳出路徑。

NC377TT34
tegmentum 大腦腳蓋
Cellular region of the midbrain and pons below the cerebral aqueduct and fourth ventricle.
中腦和橋腦細胞組成部分位於腦導水管和第四腦室的下面。
NC397P05


NC405L02
Discuss major cortical functions
詳述皮質的主要功能
P408
NC421L10
Explain common neurosurgical procedures and their treatment purposes
說明神經外科學的程序和治療效果
P440~442、Figure20-17
NC450TT16
neuropathy 神經變性病
Nerve disease
神經方面疾病
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