NC226S09
Ch09 Summary
Subbash C. Bhatnagar 2007 Neuroscience for the Study of Communicative Disorders. John P.J. Pinel with Maggie Edwards 2007 A Colorful Introduction to the Anatomy of the Human Brain.
Ch09 Summary
NC226TT Chapt.09
Chapter 9: Auditory System
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Audiogram
Graphic representation of hearing thresholds for tones at various frequencies.
聽力紀錄
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conductive hearing loss
Hearing loss that results from an interrupted transmission of sound through the outer or middle ear to the cochlea.
術語翻譯:傳導性聽力損失
聽力損失是由外耳道或中耳病變所造成的,這種聽力損失就是傳導性聽力損失,佔所有聽力損失的90%左右。
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decibel
分貝
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Hearing loss
葉佩玟 缺
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inferior colliculus下丘中腦頂蓋
http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?colliculus
col·lic·u·lus (k
-l
k
y
-l
s)
n. pl. col·lic·u·li (-l![]()
)
A small elevation above the surrounding parts of a structure.
colliculus
pl. colliculi; a small elevation.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/colliculus
尾部隆起,是中腦結構,主導聽覺。
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參考資料:http://www.waynesburg.edu/depts/ccink/nerves/inferiorcolliculus.jpg
lateral《形》 1.外側的.2.側的
lemniscus《名》 繫帶;纖維束,(中樞神經),
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Media geniculate body
內側膝狀體
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primary auditory cortex
初級聽覺皮質,在大腦皮質聽覺區中的第一個處理站,負責音樂知覺的早期階段,例如音高(頻率)與輪廓(音高變化的模式)。初級聽覺皮質會隨經驗而重新定調,對重要的聲音與樂音反應特別靈敏。
參考網址:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_auditory_cortex
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Sensorineural hearing loss
感音性聽力損失
感音性聽力損失者,其外耳及中耳的傳音系統仍然正常,不過由於內耳或聽覺神經的缺損,以致形成聽覺障礙。感音性聽力損失不但使聽得的聲音比常人更覺微弱,且常發生聲音扭曲的現象。
參考資料:http://www.ftps.kh.edu.tw/%AFS%B1%D0/P2/FT46-3.htm
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NC
神解第九章 NC
NC
負責人: 9580045 張雅雯
Describe the basic properties of sound and measurement.
敘述聲音的基本屬性、性質以及計量的方式、方法。
詳見課本第208頁 SOUND, PROPERTIES, AND MEASUREMENTS.
負責人: 9580046 陳俊廷
NC
負責人: 9580047 王思婷
Discuss the function of outer, meddle, and inner ear
【譯】討論詳述外耳、中耳、內耳的功能。
【內容】NC209~NC214
NC
負責人: 9580048 許舒琇
Describe the physiology of the cochlear mechanism:
描述說明耳蝸生理學上的結構。
描述說明耳蝸mechanism的生理學。
課本第211頁The cochlear consists of three fluid-filled scalae(cavities):the scala vestibule, cala media, and scala tympani. On lengthwise orientation, the scala vestibuleis the uppermost compartment, which follows the inner contour of the conchlear duct and joins the scala tympani at the apex of the cochlea though the helicotrema, a small aperture. The scala tympani lies at the bottom and outer contour of the cochlea. The scala media which ends near the cochlear apex, is between the scala tympani and scala vestibule.
負責人: 9580049 鍾莉婷
負責人: 9580050 林思妤
Describe the central auditory mechanism.
形容中央聽力的機制
CNS = 中央???
Ans. Pg214~219
NC
負責人: 9580051李志岳
Explain distinctive function characteristics of the auditory system
distinctive function = unique achievement, special property
解釋聽覺系統的特別的功能特性
P219
NC
負責人: 9580052 李柔儀
Discuss clinical symptoms associated with disorders of cranial nerves and nuclei
This means:
Discuss clinical symptoms
What kind of symptoms
Symptoms related to disorder of cranial nerves and
Symptoms related to disorder of nerve nuclei
談論臨床症狀與相關頭蓋骨神經和中堅力量混亂
p.310~311
NC
負責人: 9580053常德立
= Discuss how lesions in cortical and subcortical areas effect hearing
討論皮質的作用和在聽力上皮質下的病灶〈病處、傷處〉。
資料在課本的P222,P
NC
負責人: 9580054梁永恆
Differentiate between conductive and sensorineural hearing losses.
分辨傳導性與感音性聽力損失。
答案可以在P.221 P.222找得到。
NC
負責人: 9580056 李海琪
Describe the common audi_metric/special hearing tests and discuss their clinical importance
概述普通聽力測定的/特別的聽力測驗及討論其在臨床上的重要性。
相關資料可在課本p222-224、Figure9-11,9-12找到。
NC
負責人: 9580057 吳蝶
Explain the neuronal pathways mediating auditory reflexes
解釋傳達聽覺反射之神經路徑
P219
NC
負責人: 9580062 何宏祥
Discuss the role of the descending auditory pathway
談論向下的聽覺路徑的角色
可在NCPage220中找到答案
向下的聽覺路徑可以在NC220中標題Descending Auditory Projections 內容找到答案,內容大致為:平行於向上投射聽覺腦皮質,向下的聽覺纖毛存在於主要聽覺皮質區到耳蝸的毛細胞間,並用相反方向傳導脈衝,且提供回饋迴路提升察覺的音調及響度。