CA106R6.4穎萱07-16

撰寫人：3439穎萱

CA106R07

.Lateral geniculate nuclei　外側膝狀體核

Find relevant neuroanatomical picture on the web

The thalamic nuclei that relay visual information to the cerebral cortex.

丘腦核，將視覺的訊號傳遞到cerebral cortex小腦皮質。

將視覺的訊號傳遞到小腦皮質的丘腦核。

【相關網頁】　視訊傳導的途徑

CA106R08

Mammillary bodies　乳頭狀體

The pair of hypothalamic nuclei, one on the left and one on the right, that are part of a system that plays an important role in emotion; they are visible on the inferior surface of the hypothalamus as a pair of bumps just behind the pituitary.

一對下視丘核，一個在左邊，一個在右邊，部分的系統that are part of a system that在情緒方面佔有很重要的角色；他們很明顯的在下視丘的下表面，像是兩個突起物，正位於腦下垂體的後面。

【相關網頁】　維基百科－Mammillary body

CA106R09

Medial geniculate nuclei　內側膝狀體核

The thalamic nuclei that relay auditory information to the cerebral cortex.

丘腦核，將聲音的訊號傳遞到cerebral cortex小腦皮質。

【相關網頁】　下丘、大腦解剖、聽覺途徑及聽覺中樞路徑

CA106R10

Medulla　髓質、延腦

The most posterior region of the brain stem; the myelencephalon; its major structure include the pyramids, olives, medullary reticular formation, and the nuclei that contribute axons to cranial nerves 9, 10, 11, and 12.

在腦幹最後面的部分，髓腦，其主要結構包含錐狀體、橄欖核、骨髓腔網狀結構和細胞核，供給軸突到第九、十、十一、十二對腦神經。

【相關網頁】 神經解剖－神經系統的組成、基本解剖結構

CA106R11

Olives　橄欖nuclei體

The pair of large oliveshaded clusters of nuclei that are visible as bulges on the lateral surfaces of the medulla, one on each side; they are connected to the cerebellum by the inferior peduncles.

一對大的橄欖狀束的神經核，在丘腦側面有很明顯的突出部分，一邊一個，經由下小腳將他們傳遞connected to小腦。

【相關網頁】 Olivary body

CA106R12

Paraventricular nuclei　腦室旁核

One of the two pairs of hypothalamic nuclei that contain neurons whose axons terminate in the posterior pituitary; this pair is located on the dorsal surface of the hypothalamus on each side of the third ventricle.

兩對下視丘核的其中之一，包含在後腦下垂體有軸突中端的神經元，這對下視丘核位於下視丘的背側，在第三腦室的兩邊。

【相關網頁】　Paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus

CA107R13

Periaqueductal gray　導水管周圍灰質

The tegmental gray matter that is located around the cerebral aqueduct; it plays a role in the suppression of pain and in defensive behavior.

頭蓋灰質位於小腦導管的附近，作為1 = 疼痛的抑制和2 = 防禦的行為上plays a role in 1 & 2的角色。

【相關網頁】　維基百科－中腦導水管周圍灰質、小小神經科學－疼痛與受傷的原因

CA107R14

Pituitary stalk　腦垂體柄、腦下腺柄

The stalk from which the anterior and posterior pituitary are suspended from the typothalamus.

來自於前後的腦下垂體的小腳，被懸吊於下視丘。

【相關網頁】　pituitary stalk

CA107R15

Pons　橋腦

The ventral portion of the metencephalon; its major structures include the fourth ventricle, the metencephalic portion of the reticular formation, many ascending and descending tracts, and the nuclei that contribute axons to cranial nerves 5, 6, 7, and 8.

後腦的內部部分，它的內部結構包含了第四腦室、網狀結構的後腦部分、上行和下行路徑和神經細胞核，提供軸突contribute axons= provide axonal connection 到第五、六、七、八對腦神經。

【相關網頁】　維基百科－Pons

CA107R16

Posterior pituitary　腦下垂體後葉

The posterior portion of the pituitary; it releases vasopression from neuron terminals that have their cell bodies in the hypothalamus.

腦下垂體後面的部分，從神經末端釋放加壓素vasopression和催產激素，在下視丘有它們的細胞體。

【相關網頁】　維基百科－腦下垂體working?、內分泌．腺體