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IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing May 10-11, 2006
All lectures: http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=almaden+cognitive+computing
00 Dharmendra Modha, PhD - "Towards Engineering the Mind by Reverse Engineering
WebComm,
1 hr 2 min 58 sec - May 29, 2007
"Towards Engineering the Mind by Reverse Engineering the the Brain"
Manager, Cognitive Computing Group
IBM's
Co-chaired Cognitive Computing 2007
AI pioneers: John Anderson
Dharmendra Modha's Home Page
1897 Sir Charles Sherrington
Valentino Braitenberg
01 From Brain Dynamics to Consciousness
Gerald Edelman, The Neurosciences Institute
1 hr 26 min 4 sec - May 10, 2006
Subtitle: A Prelude to the Future of Brain-Based Devices
Edelman discusses neuronal group selection, brain-based devices, and robots playing soccer.
Edelman's Powerpoint presentation: http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Gerald%20Edelman.ppt
All lectures: http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=almaden+cognitive+computing
Gerald Edelman, The Neurosciences Institute
1 hr 26 min 4 sec - May 10, 2006
Subtitle: A Prelude to the Future of Brain-Based ... all » Devices
Gerald M. Edelman - Biography
Gerald Edelman - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gerald Edelman's theory of consciousness - Neural Darwinism, selection and reentry
Edelman discusses neuronal group selection, brain-based devices, and robots playing soccer.
Edelman's Powerpoint presentation: http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Gerald%20Edelman.ppt
All lectures: http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=almaden+cognitive+computing
Bran is not a computer in traditional Turing Machine sense
Variability of brain structure
Galileo
Rene Decarte
William James
Wilhelm Wundt
6 cortical layers
75% neurons die at final stage of embryogenesis
Perception is context dependent
Abandoned reductionism
Charles Darwin: Variation is not noise, but preparation for the future
TNGS: Theory of Neuronal Group Selection (Gerald Edelmann)
Neural Darwinism
Stage 1: Creation of repertoire of circuit during embryogenesis by epigenic variation and selection (Developmental Selection) – Neurons that fire together, wire together.
Stage 2: Selection among diverse pre-existing circuits by differential amplification of synaptic strength. (Environmental Selection)
Stage 3: Reentrant Mapping
Degeneracy: different neural structure, same performance
02 The Emergence of Intelligence in the Neocortical Microcircuit
Henry Markram, EPFL/BlueBrain
1 hr 9 min 33 sec - May 10, 2006
Lecture 2 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing. Markram discusses microcolumns in the brain, and ... all » shows several video animations of computer models of neurons communicating in a microcolumn. His model includes 10,000 neurons, which is a *very* large number of neurons to model.
Markram's Powerpoint presentation:
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Henry%20Markram.ppt
neocortical column
reverse enginnering
dynamic nature of brain, ability to learn
Markram, Henry
Henry Markram
03 The Mechanism of Thought
Robert Hecht-Nielsen, UCSD
54 min 33 sec - May 10, 2006
Robert Hecht-Nielsen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Robert Hecht Nielsen Home page
In March, 2005, he held an event to announce "the fundamental mechanism of cognition", which he believes is a process of confabulation. He posits that all actions and thoughts begin as the "winners" of competitions, where confabulations are tested for cogency based on antecedent support. He presented some mathematical models of the proposed mechanism, and some experimental results where software using this system was able to add several words to a stub of a sentence, keeping that stub coherent and, optionally, maintaining some connection to a full input sentence supplied as context.
Lecture 3 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
Hecht-Nielsen discusses sentence generation based ... all » on knowledge links. It's so good, it appears to generate new sentences based on strong semantic understanding of the input sentences. He also demonstrates robust speech understanding. His work is sponsored by Fair Isaac and the Office of Naval Research.
Hecht-Nielsen's PDF presentation:
http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Henry%20Markram.ppt
Confabulation Theory: Winner-takes-all Competition
Abeles Synfire chain
Conclusion Action Principle: Origin of behavior
Cogency (likelihood)
UCSD Confabulation Neuroscience Lab
Sentence Continuation Experiment
04 Hierarchical Temporal Memory: Theory and Implementation
Jeff Hawkins, Palm/Numenta
1 hr 4 min 3 sec - May 10, 2006
Lecture 4 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
Hawkin's Powerpoint presentation: http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Jeff%20Hawkins.ppt.
HTM: Hierarchical Temporal Memory
05 How the brain works, what it computes, and how/when we might build ....
IBM Panel
2 hr 0 min 36 sec - May 10, 2006
Panel speakers: - James Albus, NIST: Powerpoint presentation at http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20James%20Albus.ppt. –
Engineering the Mind
Theodore Berger, USC: Discusses how to replace parts of the brain with VLSI computer chips (in the case of bringing functionality back to a region of the brain that was removed due to a tumor). Powerpoint presentation at http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Theodore%20W.%20Berger.ppt. –
Kwabena Boahen, Stanford: Presents energy analysis of brains vs. computers. Powerpoint presentation at http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Kwabena%20Boahen.ppt. –
Efficiency of the brain
Ralph Linsker, IBM: Shows demo of separating multiple overlapping voices using a neurally-inspired algorithm. Powerpoint presentation at http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Ralph%20Linsker.ppt. –
Organizing principle of brain
Jerry Swartz, The Swartz Foundation: Powerpoint presentation at http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Jerome%20Swartz.ppt.
Moderator: - Dilip Kandlur, Director, Storage Systems,
All lectures: http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=almaden+cognitive+computing
06 The Uniqueness of the Human Brain
V. S. Ramachandran, UCSD
54 min 2 sec - May 10, 2006
Lecture 6 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing. This one takes place during the reception and ... all » banquet dinner.
Ramachandran discusses phantom limbs and synesthesia (esp. color-blind synesthete) as a function of neuron innervation. Specifically, he focuses on cross-linking between nearby cortical regions, which he believes to be genetically caused (e.g. synesthesia appears to be found frequently in family lineages). He also discusses the link between mirror neurons and autism, and how language invention is due to an inherent cross-linking between portions of the visual and auditory regions (e.g. Buba/Kiki effect).
Ramachandran's Powerpoint presentation: http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20V.S.%20Ramachandran.ppt.
Function placement
07 Beyond Dualism
John Searle, UC Berkeley
1 hr 17 min 34 sec - May 11, 2006
Lecture 7 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
1959 Prof. in UC Berkeley
Philosophy of language / mind
Consciousness: social construction, physical reality
Thought experiment: Chinese room argument
Computer do not have to understand language in order to process information
Rationality and Action,
Mind,
Dualism vs. Materialism
Conscious without being self-conscious
All conscious states:
qualitativeness
subjectivity,
Epistemic vs. ontologic sense of objectivity
Entity with Ontological Subjectivity of existence: pain, tickle, itch
Ontological objectivity: mountain,
Epistemic objectivity does not exclude ontological subjectivity
Intensionality (meaning any mental states in philosophy)
Observer independent intensionality
All conscious states as part of unified conscious feel
Therefore
can not be reduced
all states caused by neuronal activity
realized in the brain, not in single neuron
a higher level feature caused by lower level activity
functions causally
ontologically irreducible
causally reducible
problem of computationalism
computer program handle syntax, but not semantic – Chinese room argument
psychologically real vs. unreal programs
observer vs. non-observer relative information
information
intelligence
artificial intelligence implies not real intelligence ?
simulation of intelligence is not producing intelligence artificially
NCC Neuronal Correlation of Consciousness
2 approaches to consciousness
Unified field approach
Building block approach
Binocular rivalry: Duck-rabbit (ambiguous picture) cognitive switch – winner takes all
Tracking stimulus
Francis Crick: studying consciousness is harder than DNA
Different levels of description
Materialism is true in saying universe is consist of materials, but wrong in saying consciousness can not exist
Dualism is true in saying there is consciousness, which is a irreducible neurobiological phenomenon, but wrong in saying, therefore it must be in a different realm
Unintensional anxiety: nervousness about anything
Freud: aim of psychoanalysis is to replace misery of neurosis with ordinary human unhappiness
Psychoanalyst: our job is to convert undirected anxiety to directed anxiety
Simulation is not duplication
08 Cortical Dynamics of Working Memory
Joaquin Fuster, UCLA
1 hr 13 min 4 sec - May 10, 2006
www.almaden.ibm.com
Lecture 8 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
Fuster's Powerpoint presentation is available at ... all » http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Joaquin%20M.%20Fuster.ppt.
NIRS Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Surface / Local field potential
55:30 – 58:22
09 A Quantitative Theory of Cortex
Leslie Valiant,
1 hr 6 min 3 sec - May 11, 2006
Lecture 9 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
10 The 4 C's of Neuroinformation Theory
Toby Berger,
51 min 2 sec - May 11, 2006
www.almaden.ibm.com
Lecture 10 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
Subtitle: Coding, Computing, Control and ... all » Cognition
Berger's Powerpoint presentation: http://www.almaden.ibm.com/institute/resources/2006/Almaden%20Institute%20Toby%20Berger.ppt
11 Consciousness
Christof Koch, Caltech
1 hr 7 min 3 sec - May 11, 2006
www.almaden.ibm.com
Lecture 11 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing.
12 The Future of Cognitive Computing
William Pulleyblank, IBM Global Services
1 hr 6 min 3 sec - May 11, 2006
domino.watson.ibm.com
Lecture 12 of 12 of IBM Research's Almaden Institute Conference on Cognitive Computing. This is the concluding panel, with all speakers ... all » participating.
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