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NC455G 海琪
The glossary is already arranged in alphabetical order. No need to enumerate them.
課本上我所負責的單字部分：
1. blood pressure
Meaning：gMeasurement of the force exerted by blood against the walls of blood vessels during ventricular systole (contraction of the heart, by which the blood is sent through the aorta for systemic circulation).
血壓：是指當心室收縮時血管內的血液的在單位面積上的側壓力（心臟的收縮，血液主要是經由主動脈的系統循環），即壓強。
習慣以毫米汞柱為單位。心臟有收縮及放鬆期，當心臟收縮，左心室便會將血液泵出到主動脈，主動脈壓產生最高血壓，又稱收縮壓。接下來，心臟會舒張，血液流入右心房，這個時候壓力最低，稱為低血壓或舒張壓。
2. blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Meaning：Examination of the presence of nitrogen from urea in the blood for determining the normalcy of kidney function.
血尿素氮尿素：是蛋白質、氨基酸代謝產物。由腎臟排泄，測定血液中尿素氮的濃度，可以用來評估腎臟排泄尿素的功能是否正常。其參考值為6
異常說明──
１．值↑：腎功能衰退、腎炎、泌尿道阻塞、尿道發炎等腎臟疾病或其他非腎臟因素，如高蛋白飲食、脫水……等。並須合併尿液與肌酸肝檢查一起評估腎臟功能。
２．值↓：蛋白質攝取不足、肝硬化、心衰竭、營養不良等。
3. bony labyrinth
Meaning：Represents a series of cavities in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, including the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibule.
骨性迷路：指在內耳岩狀部分的顳骨內的一系列空腔，包括耳蝸、半規營以及前庭。
人體的平衡是由內耳(也稱為迷路，labyrinth) 所控制。內耳包括骨性迷路(bony labyrinth)以及其中的膜性迷路(membranous labyrinth)。骨性迷路包括了三個部份：前庭(vastibule)、耳蝸(cochlea)和半規管(semicircular canal)。膜性迷路則包括前庭內的橢圓囊(utricle)和球囊(saccule)、耳蝸內的耳蝸管(cochlear duct) 、以及骨性半規管內的膜性半規管(membranous semicircular canal)(下圖)。
前庭是骨性迷路的中央部份，此處有二個來自中耳的開口，即卵圓窗(oual windows)與圓窗(round windows)，以及三個內耳半規管的開口。橢圓囊和球囊具有膜性壁，懸吊於前庭中。
4. brachial plexus
Meaning：Network of spinal nerve fibers exiting the ventral rami of C5-T1 nerves to supply the upper limb.
臂神經叢：由第五到第八對頸部脊髓神經的腹側分支，和第一對胸部脊髓神經的大部分腹側分支組合而成的神經網路。
5. brachium
Meaning：Arm-like fiber bundle. The brachium of the inferior colliculus is an auditory fiber bundle that connects the inferior colliculus to the thalamus. The brachium of the superior colliculus mediates visual information and bypasses the lateral geniculate body of the thalamus on its way to the pretectal region in midbrain.
肱肌(上臂)：手臂似的纖維束。肱肌在下的丘是聽神經束，與視丘相連接；肱肌的下丘傳遞視覺訊息和分流視丘的外側膝狀體。
6. brachium conjunctivum—
Meaning：See
結合臂：連接小腦與腦幹和運動皮質的神經束。
7. brachium pontis
Meaning：See MIDDLE CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE.
連接小腦與橋腦底部的神經束。
8. bradykinesia
Meaning：Slowness in the initiation of voluntary motor movements.
運動遲緩：自主的肌肉動作起始緩慢。
9. brain
Meaning：Mass of nervous tissue located in the cranial cavity.
大腦：位於頭顱內的神經組織中心。
10. brainstem
Meaning：Stem part of the brain, consisting of midbrain, pons, and medulla.
腦幹：大腦的連接部分，由中腦、橋腦以及髓質組成。
11. brainstem auditory evoked potentials
Meaning：Technique used for measuring brainstem neuronal responses to controlled auditory stimuli.
腦幹誘發電位：測量由聽覺刺激所誘發的腦幹神經反應技術。
12. brain waves
Meaning：Electrical activity produced as a result of action potentials of brain cells.
腦波：電刺激在腦細胞產生動作電位的結果，形成所謂的腦波。
13. brachial arches
Meaning：Five pairs of arched embryologic structures that develop into laryngeal, pharyngeal and facial muscles. Remnants of arches in lower vertebrates that give rise to muscles for specialized functions like articulation, phonation, and swallowing in the humans.
五組發展成喉部、咽部和臉部肌肉的肧胎學上的原型結構。而剩餘的結構在脊椎動物中則發展成負責特定功用的肌肉，如人類的發音方式、發聲以及吞嚥。
14. broad-based gait
Meaning：Walking patterns characterized by placing the feet far apart. Often resulting from cerebellar injury.
特徵為腳步距離很遠的一種走路方式，通常是由於小腦病變所造成的。
15. Broca aphasia
Meaning：Type of aphasia associated with a lesion in lower premotor cortex (Broca Area) and characterized by impaired verbal output.
布洛卡失語症：一種在前感覺皮層受損的失語症，特徵是使一個人無法講話、但可以了解語言內容；無法用字詞，說話緩慢並且不連貫。
16. Bromann areas
Meaning：Approximately 50 or so brain areas identified and mapped by Bromann on the basis of its cellular cytoarchitectonics.
接近５０或相近的腦部區域由Bromann所確認及標記，是基於其細胞構造而區分的。
17. bronchi
Meaning：Branches of the respiratory passageway.
枝氣管：呼吸路徑的分枝。
18. brownian motion
Meaning：Physical property of water molecules, which refers to their constant motion and random movements in all directions.
分子運動：水分子的物理性質，即分子往不同方向的常態移動及任意移動。
19. Brown-Séquard syndrome
Meaning：Hemi-spinal cord lesion resulting in spastic paralysis and proprioception loss in the body ipsilateral to the lesion and pain and temperature loss occurring contralateral.
半脊髓的損傷造成同側身體由痙攣所引起的麻痺及本體感受受損，對側身體發生疼痛及温度等感覺的損傷。
20. bulbar lesion
Meaning：Lesions mostly related to the medulla.
延髓的損傷：所造成損傷與脊髓有關。
21. bular palsy
Meaning：Limb paralysis secondary to the involvement of the motor nuclei in the medulla.
延髓的麻痺：由脊髓中的運動細胞核間接形成的麻痺。
22. calcarine fissure
Meaning：Located on the midsagittal surface of the occipital lobe. Separates the primary visual cortex into lower and upper opercula.
禽距裂隙：位於枕葉的中矢狀縫表面，分開了主要視覺皮質成上、下兩部分的蓋狀物。
23. callosal sulcus
Meaning：Midsagittally located sulcus separating the corpus callosum and cingulated gyrus.
胼胝體的腦溝：位於腦溝的中矢狀縫，分開了小體胼胝體以及扣帶回。
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