NC0607瑞鴻

NC0607瑞鴻

神解課本

NC001L06

Explain the components of a neurologic examination

解釋神經學診察的組成要素

這個學習目標是要我們在上完這一章後可以解釋神經學診察的組成要素，第4頁到第5頁是課本內容裡有關神經學診察的部份。

NC026TT10

Coronal

《形》 1.冠的.2.位於冠狀溝方向的.3.冠狀縫切面的.

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Coronal&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

圖片出處：http://cs.wellesley.edu/~cs112/assignments/assign5/slice.gif

NC042F2-13

Lateral view of the right cerebral hemisphere with both banks of the lateral fissure separated to reveal the insular cortex and transverse gyrus of Heschl (solid line)

由側視圖看到大腦的右側半球和兩側向裂痕分離而顯露島狀的皮質有腦橫回以及顳前橫回(實體的紋)

NC076T2-10

自主神經系統的神經系統細分

Subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System
Division	Nuclei Location	Function
Sympathetic system	Thoracolumbar	Expending energy in flight, fright, or fight conditions
Parasympathetic system	Craniosacral	Restoring energy

NC085F3-03

Cross-section of the spinal cord at the L4 level

脊髓的橫斷面在L4 水平

NC113TT17

Lateral geniculate body

外側膝狀體

LGB是將視覺神經傳來的刺激加以整合後傳至大腦視覺區。

參考資料：http://andrew.csie.ncyu.edu.tw/pdf3/050504.pdf

圖片出處：http://instruct.uwo.ca/anatomy/530/vistopo.gif

NC130TT04

Amnion

《名》羊膜,(胎兒之外膜並含有羊水,在絨毛膜內).

圍繞著胚胎的一層薄膜，可分泌水狀物(稱為羊水)，能保護胎兒免受震盪。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Amnion&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

圖片出處：http://img.tfd.com/dorland/thumbs/amnion.jpg

NC130TT54

Nucleus pulposus

脊髓間板中央核.(髓核)

椎間的神經核(在中樞神經由很多神經細胞組成)

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Nucleus+pulposus&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

圖片出處：http://www.spinesource.com/images/Anatomy3.jpg

NC151TT04

Astrocytes

《名》星細胞,(glial *cell著於血管周圍)，(俗)spider cell.

神經膠質細胞和支持神經細胞對腦部血流的貢獻。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Astrocytes&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

圖片出處：http://www.transmolecular.com/images/Astrocytes.gif

NC156F6-04

Lateral (A) and midsagittal (B) surfaces of the left hemisphere locating the areas of the thalamocortical projections shown in Figures 6-2 and 6-3.

側面(a) 和左半球的動脈 (b) 表面找出皮質的投射範圍，顯示在上圖6-2 和6-3 。

NC184TT02

Analgesia

《名》1.痛覺缺失.2.止痛.

不再受到痛知覺刺激的疼痛，是神經疾病。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Analgesia&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

NC206P05

A 70-year-old man complained of gradually losing his ability to see from his left eye; this posed as a problem only when he drove. The attending neurologist noted the following:

l Complete blindness in the left eye

l Absence of papillary light reflex on the left side

l Normal light reflex in the right eye

An MRI revealed a large tumor of the left optic nerve anterior to the optic chiasm.

Question： How can you relate the visual field deficit with the diagnosed tumor？

Discussion： This is a case of monocular blindness secondary to the prechiasmatic involvement of the afferent fibers of the optic nerve. This interruption of the fibers had also affected the light reflex unilaterally.

NC212T9-01

耳蝸的位置會調整特定的頻率

Cochlear Locations Tuned to Specific Frequencies
Frequency	Site of Maximum Amplitude
High	Near oval window
Medium	Middle
Low	Near helicotrema

NC237TT05

Equilibrium

《名》平衡,均勢.

身體在空間的平衡狀態，行動時動態平衡維護平衡。而在一個相對地固定式狀態，靜態平衡維護平衡。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Equilibrium&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

NC259TT05

Crossed extensor reflex

(交叉伸肌反射)

本側肢體彎曲時，對側肢體表現伸直的反射，用來維持姿勢。

圖片出處：http://vdo.kku.ac.th/mediacenter/mediacenter-uploads/libs/html/1189/pict/photo/35.jpg

NC271TT16

Rebounding

彈回,跳回

參考網站：http://tw.dictionary.yahoo.com/search?ei=UTF-8&p=Rebounding

NC289L09

Discuss the pathophysiology of alternating hemiplegia and describe its clinical symptoms.

討論交替的偏癱病理生理學和描述它的臨床症狀。

可以參考課本NC294和NC295還有圖14-4。

NC306T15-04

Branchial Arches, Associated Cranial Nerves, and Derived Muscles

鰓弓, 組合的頭蓋骨神經, 和衍生出的肌肉

NC341F15-30

The hypoglossal nucleus in the medulla, the intramedullary course of the nerve, and the distribution of the nerve fibers to the glossal muscles.

舌下的神經核在髓質, 神經脊髓內的路線, 和舌肌肉的神經纖維分佈。

NC353L10

Discuss the important functions of the reticular formation, including cortical arousal, attention, swallowing, and respiration.

討論網狀結締組織的形成和重要功能,包括皮質的感覺反應,注意力,吞嚥,和呼吸作用。

可以參考課本NC369到NC371和Box16-3。

NC377TT17

Hippocampus

《名》海馬迴,(解剖名詞,在大腦側腦室下角底部)

屬於邊緣系統的一部份，負責學習與記憶，在記憶和學習的腦部功能上扮演了極為重要的角色。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Hippocampus&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

圖片出處：http://scienceblogs.com/purepedantry/upload/2007/04/hippocampus-2.gif

NC387B17-02

The Point of Anastomosis

管腔的尖端

NC402F18-03

MRI studies of the enlarged lateral ventricles in a child with hydrocephaly. A. Transaxial view. B. Sagittal view.

磁共振造影研究一個孩子的腦積水和側向的心室肥大。A. 穿過軸的觀察。B. 顱骨矢狀合縫的觀察。

NC420TT13

Dysarthria

《名》發音不良,發音困難,(由神經肌肉障礙所致).

發音困難而引起擠壓喉嚨的情形，容易導致呼吸系統和共鳴器官發生病變。

參考網站：http://dict.vghtpe.gov.tw/search.php?word=Dysarthria&Submit=+%ACd%B8%DF+&prefix=

NC447F20-23

Typical time spent in the stages of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.

特有的時間花費在迅速眼睛運動(REM)的睡眠階段。

NC129Q4

True or false? There are 24 types of human chromosomes; 22 autosomes, and one X and one Y chromosome.

NC377Q5

Which structure is responsible for regulating cortical arousal, cardiovascular activity, respiration, swallowing, vomiting, and coughing?

Caloric stimulation test

Test of vestibular function that involves irrigating the external auditory canal to evaluate the functioning of the labyrinth.