NC185-207O Chapt.08

Chapter 8 VISUAL SYSTEM

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

ANATOMY OF THE EYE

Eyeball

Retina

Distribution of Photosensors

Functions of Photosensors

VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE RETINA

PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF RETINA

Spectral Sensitivity

Color Vision

Dark Adaptation

OPTICAL MECHANISM

Refraction

Lens Types

Optics of the Eye

Refraction by the Lens

Pupillary Aperture

Convergence

Retinal Image Formation

CENTRAL VISUAL PATHWAYS

Retinal Representation of Visual Fields

Retinal Representation to Optic Chiasm

Retinal Representation to the Lateral Geniculate Body

Retinal Representation to the Visual Cortex

Primary Visual Cortex

VISUAL CORTEX DEVELOPMENT

VISUAL REFLEXES

Pupillary Light Reflex

Accommodation Reflex

CLINICAL CONCERNS

Errors of Refraction

Hypermetropia

Myopia

Astigmatism

Disorders of Color Vision

Visual Acuity Assessment

Visual Field Defects

Monocular Blindness

Bitemporal, or Heteronymous Hemianopia

Nasal Hemianopia

Homonymous Hemianopia

Homonymous Left Superior Quadrantanopsia

Homonymous Left Inferior Quadrantanopsia

Primary and Association Visual Cortices

LESION LOCALIZATION-RULE 4: VISUAL PATHWAY LESION

Presenting Symptoms and Rationale

CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS

PATIENT ONE

PATIENT TWO

PATIENT THREE

PATIENT FOUR

PATIENT FIVE

PATIENT SIX

SUMMARY

QUIZ QUESTIONS

TECHNICAL TERMS