NC468G宜蒨

NC468G宜蒨

作業六：【NC468G】

For each entry, find corresponding neuroanatomical pictures, websites, animations or videos on the web, wherever possible.

Olfactory bulb

Bulb shaped brain structure that receives input from the olfactory receptor neurons.

嗅球：是球狀的嗅覺大腦架構，訊息由嗅覺的接受器神經元輸入。

參考資料：http:/www.nysaes.cornell.edu/fst/faculty/acree/fs430/gifs/others/olfactory_bulb.GIF

字根：Olfactory ~表「嗅覺的~」

Olfactory cortex

Region of the cerebral cortex connected to the olfactory bulb. Includes the uncus, amygdaloid nucleus, and anterior region of the parahippocampal gyrus.

嗅覺皮質：連接嗅覺的球狀大腦皮層質的地區，包括鉤狀部分、杏仁核、還有後部的海馬旁迴。

Olfactory epithelium

Cellular sheet that lines the nasal passages and contains olfactory receptor neurons.

嗅覺皮膜：是一片由細胞組成的薄膜，位於鼻子的通道，並且包含嗅覺接受器神經元。

Olfactory nerve

Cranial nerve I, which mediates smell.

嗅覺神經：是腦神經I，負責調整嗅覺。

Olfactory receptor

Bipolar neuron with a cell body, lying in the mucous membrane of each nasal cavity, responsible for transducing odors into neural signals.

嗅覺接受器：是鼻腔黏膜裡的雙極神經元與一細胞體，將氣味轉變成神經訊號。

Olfactory sulcus

Sulcal location for the olfactory bulb.

嗅覺槽：位於嗅球上的凹槽。

Olfactory tract

Axonal bundle extending from the olfactory bulb to the primary olfactory cortex in the temporal lobe.

嗅道：包覆在顳葉裡，從嗅球延伸到主要嗅覺的皮層。

Oligodendrocytes

See OLIGODENDROGLIA.

少突細胞

Oligodendroglia

Glia cells that produce the myelin sheath around axons in the central nervous system.

少數突神經膠細胞：在中樞神經系統的軸細胞周遭的髓鞘著產生的膠細胞。

Olivocerebellar fibers

Medullary projection to the cerebellum mediating spinal and vestibular afferents.

橄欖體小腦纖維：將脊髓和前庭(內耳)之傳入的調解投射到小腦。

Oogenesis

Development of a female sex cell (ova).

卵的生成：一個女性性細胞(卵)的發展。

Oogonia

Primordial cell from which an oocyte is derived.

卵原細胞：原始的卵母細胞分裂而成。

參考資料：http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Protista_I/Oomycota_Saprolegnia/Oogonia_MC.html

Ophthalmic

Related to the eye.

眼睛的：和眼睛有關的

Ophthalmoplegia

Paralysis of the extrinsic or intrinsic eye muscles.

眼肌麻痺：外在或者本身的眼睛肌肉的麻痺。

Opsin

Protein found in the rhodopsin of rods.

視蛋白（視紫蛋白）：一種在視紫紅質（視網膜色素）桿上的蛋白。

Optic chiasm

Structure in the visual pathway where part of the fibers from each nerve decussate to from the optic tracts.

視交叉：是視覺途徑中的一個構造，有些是神經纖維在此會交叉。

字根：Optic~表「眼睛的~」

Optic disk (papilla)

Area through which the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) exits and arteries enter the eyeball.

視乳突：是視神經退去，而動脈進入眼球的地方。

Optic nerve

Cranial nerve II, consisting of a bundle of ganglion cell receptors that passes from the eye to the optic chiasm.

視神經：腦神經II，由眼睛的視交叉中一捆神經節細胞接受器組成。

參考資料：http://www.artem-medicalis.com/conceptual.htm

Optic radiation

Refers to a collection of axons coursing from the lateral geniculate body to the visual cortex.

眼睛輻射：收集從側膝狀體到視覺皮質的軸突傳遞。

Optic tectum

Structure used to describe the superior colliculus.

視覺蓋：用來描繪較高小阜的構造

Optic tract

Collection of retinal ganglion cell axons extending from the optic chiasm to the brainstem.

視道：收集從視交叉延長到腦幹的視網膜的神經節細胞軸。

Optokinetic nystagmus

Abnormal rotary ocular movements activated by visual fixation or moving visual patterns.

眼動振盪：視覺固定或移動視覺圖案的異常旋轉的眼睛移動運動。

Organ of Corti

Auditory receptor organ that contains hair cells and supporting cells and is located in the scala media.

柯蒂氏器：位於中階層裡包含毛細胞和支持細胞的聽覺感受器器官。

參考資料：http://webanatomy.net/histology/neural/organ_of_corti.jpg

Osmotic pressure

Pressure exerted by active element in a solution.

滲透壓：溶液中活動元素的壓力施加。

Ossicles

Three small bones in the middle ear: malleus, incus, and stapes.

骨質、小骨：中耳內的三個聽小骨。槌骨、鉆骨、鐙骨。

參考資料：http://www.kids-ent.com/newkids800/ossicles.html